On cloudy days, navigation by Vikings shined
Daaruit :
Of de Vikingen dat inderdaad zo deden is niet bewezen, maar interessant is wel dat voor het zwakke licht dat door wolken heen valt een instrument te maken is dat de richting van het gepolariseerde licht ervan bepaalt en aldus daarmee de stand van de zon.Scientists conjectured that sunstones were naturally occurring crystals that served as polarizing filters — they blocked out all light except for that polarized in specific directions. Although it's unclear what sunstones might have been made of, researchers suggest they could have been composed of cordierite, tourmaline or calcite, all common stones in Scandinavia.
The idea is that ancient mariners looked up through these sunstones on overcast days, when the entire sky looked equally bright. Light making its way through a cloudy sky is often polarized — if the way the crystal was angled matched the polarization of this light, the sky would look brighter, but if not, it would look darker. By rotating the sunstones to and fro, the sky would thus appear to periodically brighten and fade. Then, by looking for the patch of sky that was brightest regardless of the clouds, Vikings could have identified where the sun was and then have used the sundial to figure out which direction was north.
For instance, in the Viking saga, "The Legend of Sigurd," it reads, "The weather was very cloudy, it was snowing. Holy Olaf, the king ... asked Sigurd to tell him where the sun was. After Sigurd complied, he grabbed a sunstone, looked at the sky and saw from where the light came, from which he guessed the position of the invisible sun."
Hier nog een artikel in dit verband dat dit jaar verscheen :
Computer simulations show Viking's sunstone to be very accurate